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2023年全國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)英語(yǔ)水平考試（METS二級(jí)）經(jīng)典試題及答案四,更多相關(guān)資訊請(qǐng)繼續(xù)查看易考吧全國(guó)醫(yī)護(hù)英語(yǔ)水平考試
1). Blood Circulation■Blood circulation may be( )…………as the circular movement of blood around the body.This is accomplished within the vascular system， which is composed of the three basic( )…………the blood， the heart and a series of closed tubes known( )…………as blood vessels.■Blood vessels are of three kinds， arteries， capillaries and veins.Arteries are tubes carrying blood away from the heart.Veins， on the other hand， are tubes carrying blood back to the heart.Arteries and veins are connected by the( )…………tube known as capillaries.■The circulation is mainly brought about by the pumping action of a hollow，muscular organ， the heart.Its( )…………is to pump blood to all parts of the body.■Briefly， this is what happens as blood circulates.Part of the blood in the heart has just received a fAesh store of oxygen from the lungs.This blood is( )…………the largest artry， the aorta.From the artery it passes into the apillaries.Here the blood gives off oxygen and food materials， which have been( )…………from the small intestine and liver to the tssues.Waste products， jincluding the gas， carbon dioxide， are received.It is returned to the heart by way of two large veins.■The blood is then pumped from the heart through the large pulmonary artery to the lungs.In the lungs carbon dioxide is discharged and oxygen is reeved.The oxygen( )…………blood is then returned to the heart through the pulmonary veins and another cycle begins.■There are two major circulation systems in the body.In the greater， or systemic circulation， blood is ( )…………from the heart to every part of the body and back to the heart.In the lesser， or pulmonary， circulation， blood travels from the heart to the lungs and from the lungs back to the heart.There are also ( )…………minor systems， such as the hepatic circulation through the liver， and the cerebral circulation through the brain.( )
A.transported
B.pumped
C.fusion
D.components
E.various
F.collectively
G.tiniest
H.laden
I.defined
J.expel
A.function
A.absorbed

正確答案：B
2). Acute Gastroenteritis■Acute gastroenteritis could be more simply called a long and potentially lethal bout of stomach flu.The most common symptoms are diarrhea，vomiting and stomach pain，be-cause whatever causes the condition inflames the gastrointestinal tract.Acute gastroenteri-tis is quite common among children，though it is certainly possible for adults to suffer from it as well.While most cases of gastroenteritis last a few days，acute gastroenteritis can last for weeks and months.■Numerous things may cause acute gastroenteritis.Bacterial infection is frequently a factor，and infection by parasites can cause acute gastroenteritis to last for several weeks.Viruses can also cause lengthy stomach flu.Accidental poisoning or exposure to toxins may also instigate acute gastroenteritis as well.■When a person does not recover from stomach flu symptoms within a day or so，it is usually a good idea to see a doctor.Some types of acute gastroenteritis will not resolve without antibiotic treatment，especially when bacteria or exposure to parasites are the cause.Physicians may want to diagnose the cause by analyzing a stool sample，when stom-ach symptoms remain problematic.■Another reason to seek medical treatment is that some forms of acute gastroenteritis mimic appendicitis，which may require emergency treatment.Also，young children run an especially high risk of becoming dehydrated during a long course of the stomach flu.One should receive directions regarding how to help affected kids or adults get more fluids.Sometimes children，those with compromised immune systems，and the elderly may re-quire hospitalization and intravenous fluids.Dehydration can actually cause greater nausea，and can begin to cause organ shut down if not properly addressed.■Even though causes for acute gastroenteritis vary，methods of transmission from one person to another usually remain the same.Generally，contact with the fecal matter of a person with the condition and then improperly washing or not washing the hands causes acute gastroenteritis to be quite contagious.Proper hand washing for both the ill person and well people in the family is always encouraged.■Other methods of transmission of acute gastroenteritis can include eating food or drinking liquids contaminated with bacteria or parasites.For example，poorly cooked ham-burger might result in a very severe case of acute gastroenteritis due to exposure to E.co-li，a sometimes lethal bacterial infection in young children.If the patient with acute gastroenteritis doesn’t suffer from dehydration，it’s not necessary to receive intravenous infusion.( )
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned

正確答案：C
3). Physical Examination■There are two major principles underlying an efficient physical examination.First， the examination is done by regions and second， there is a well-organized order of examination.To be eficient， one approaches regions( )…………for exarmple，the head， the neck， the posterior thorax and lungs and the heart.This type of regional approach also takes into account the comfort of the patient by( )…………the need for frequent shifts in position.■One begins with a general survey of each region and then focuses on( )…………parts.If no abnormality is found， the examination is brief but( )…………abnormality is present， it is studied meticulously， using special maneuvers if necessary.One takes advantage of the( )…………of the human body by comparing one side with the other.In this way， subtle changes are recognized.Small differences in the lung examination， for example， are better detected by cross-comparing symmetrical areas of each lung than by examining each lung( )…………■Following a prescribed order of examination by regions does not imply a lack of fexibility.The examination varies with the condition of patient and the type of problem present.Evidence of disease in one area( )…………the physician to possible related abnormalities in other areas.■The physician learns to do a comprehensive screening examination.Depending on the condition of the patient， the examination will need to be( )…………to special circumstances.The patient may be bed-bound and so ill that the examiner requires( )…………with positioning.In an acute emergency where an abbreviated physical examination is carried out with deliberate speed， one simultaneously does a brief interview， obtains laboratory work and initiates treatment.Regardless of the problem and the condition of the patient， the physician is considerate，( )…………and logical in approach.One keeps in mind diagnostic possibilities， looks for unsuspected disease， and interrelates abnormal findings that may explain the patient’s illness.( )
A.comprehensive
B.assistance
C.individually
D.adapted
E.eliminating
F.distend
G.systematic
H.alerts
I.symmetry
J.mutual
A.component
A.sequentially

正確答案：G

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