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2026年全國醫(yī)學(xué)英語水平考試（METS三級）練習(xí)題及答案二,更多相關(guān)資訊請繼續(xù)查看易考吧全國醫(yī)護(hù)英語水平考試
1). The Ebola Epidemic■On August 8th, the World Health Organization (WHO) Director- General Margaret Chan declared the West Africa Ebola crisis a“public health emergency of international concern,”triggering powers under the 2005 International Health Regulations (IHR).■Ebola virus disease (EVD) has 3 species of human significance: Zaire, Sudan, and Bundibugyo.The West Africa outbreak is from a new strain of the Zaire species, with a reported case-fatality rate of 55%.Infection can cause fever, vomiting, diarrhea, and generalized bleeding as well as death.■Fruit bats likely carry Ebola virus, with humans infected by close contact with infected body fluids and“bushmeat”of primates, forest antelope, wild pigs, and bats.Human-to-human transmission occurs only by close contact with infected body fluids.Importantly, no airborne transmission between humans has been demonstrated.Early EVD symptoms are similar to those of malaria and typhoid fever- -as well as endemic hemorrhagic fevers such as Lassa- rendering symptomatic differential diagnosis difficult.■Before the current outbreak began in December 2013，West Africa had no recorded Ebola deaths.Yet this outbreak is the largest, with the crisis worsening.As of August 8th, WHO reported 1, 779 Ebola cases, with 961 deaths.Cases were first reported in Guinea on March 23rd, followed by Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Nigeria (due to an infected airline passenger from Liberia).Of greatest concern is the potential urban spread,including capital cities.Previously Ebola was concentrated in rural areas, where the public health response was sufficiently rapid to prevent spread to populated cities.■Since 1976 more than 15 Ebola outbreaks have erupted in sub- Saharan Africa， yet therapeutic options remain undeveloped.There are no licensed vaccines or specific antiviral or immune mediated treatments for ill patients or for post exposure prophylaxis.The U.S.National Institutes of Health is supporting the first phase 1 clinical trial of a new prototype experimental vaccine expected to begin in September 2014.■Fueling disquiet about global justice, 2 U.S.aid workers infected in Liberia were treated with an experimental anti-Ebola antibody prior to being transported to Atlanta.This serum had been previously used only in nonhuman primates.Even though the serum′s safety and efficacy remain unknown, it sparked an international controversy.Should U.S.workers receive a drug in extremely scarce supply when Africans are affected in far greater numbers? Balanced against this sense of injustice is the ethical concern of administering an experimental drug to African patients that has not undergone any safety testing in humans.■On August 11th, WHO convened an expert committee to assess the bioethical implications of withholding or providing early access to experimental treatments.If a scarce treatment offers benefits to patients, the ethical question is who should have priority access Society, for example, owes a duty to health workers who place themselves at heightened risk.Other ethical considerations could grant priority to patients most likely to benefit, as well as targeting the drug to prevent spread in hospitals or the community.Moreover, who should decide whether an experimental treatment should be administered?Liberian officials apparently did not approve the use of an investigational drug administered in their territory.National leaders also would need to be part of future decision making processes for allocating scarce vaccines and medications.The West Africa Ebola outbreak is from a new strain with 55% of case-fatality rate.( )
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned

正確答案：A
2). Getting A Clearer Look at Lenses■1.Clear and focused vision without the aid of spectacles is the dream of most nearsighted and farsighted people.Aside from the aspects of glasses fogging up in winter and fashion，there is also the practical side：People without spectacles have a wider field of vision，which is very useful when driving for example.But due to the high cost and risk factors associated with eye laser treatment，most people opt for contact lenses.■2.Contact lenses can correct most forms of defective vision，including farsightedness.Contact lenses can be very effective，but it can take some time to have them ftted.An optician can prescribe contact lenses as well as any eye specialist，but only an ophthalmologist can say whether the eyes are healthy enough to accept the lenses.It can take up to two hours to ft the first set.■3.There are two types of contact lens-soft and hard.However，the term “hard”no longer fully applies to modern lenses.The lenses feel“hard”and“oft”，but today′s lenses are made of special plastics that make them more flexible.The question of which type of lens you need is answered during the first examination，in which eyesight，the curvature of the cornea and the eye′s tears are tested.It also depends on what the lenses are used for：Will they be worn all day from getting up in the morning to going to bed at night or just at certain times，such as when playing sports or just a few times a week？Lenses can also be“permanent”or last for just a few days.Disposable lenses make up the majority of the market，the most popular being those that can be worn for up to four weeks.Disposable lenses are only suitable for 75 percent of all forms of defective vision.They also require as much care as conventional lenses and only offer a better value when they are used infrequently.■4.Experts advise that hard lenses make the most sense for the pocket in the long run.Hard lenses float on a film of tears，which allows a supply of oxygen and essential nutrients to pass to the eyes.Disease-causing germs and chemicals have hardly any chance of sticking to a hard lens and，therefore，can′t harm the eye.Hard lenses，however，do have a limited lifespan of 18 months.In most cases，the lenses are custom made for each eye.Soft lenses are the choice of second resort if they are intended to be worn every day.But soft lenses are easier to get used to，and if you are in a dusty environment，they cause less irtation.Soft lenses can be used for up to a maximum of one year.In addition to the cost of buying the lenses，you must also calculate in the care products you will need.■5.You always need to have a pair of spectacles as an emergency replacement.That′s because if an infection appears，or you develop red eyes during a cold，you should take out the contact lenses.Otherwise，you may end up causing permanent damage to your eyes.choose the most suitable subheading from list A-F for each paragraph of the passage.Paragraph 5( )
A.Contact lens are very effective，but it takes some time to fit your first set
B.Which type of lens you need depends on the check of your eyes and what the lens are used for
C.A pair of spectacles are needed as an emergency replacement
D.Contact lens become more and more popular among the nearsighted and farsighted people
E.Hard lens are used more often than soft lens because they don′t harm your eyes
F.The two types of lens have both advantages and disadvantages

正確答案：C
3). Write a composition to explain what should be noted in dealing with children.You should write about 150 words and base your composition on the outline given below：■For nurses， what should be noted in dealing with children？■1)Various patients nurses have to cope with■2) Features shared by many sick children and their parents■3) Suggestions on how to deal with them and possible results

正確答案：What Should Be Noted in Dealing with Children？■As nurses， we have to be knowledgeable enough in dealing with varieties of patients.Among them children make a very special group.■Children and their parents have some particular characteristics as follows.First of all， given their age， children are not very skilled in understanding and expressions， which， to some extent， hinder fast diagnosis of their diseases.Secondly， children tend to be so uneasy or nervous in an unfamiliar environment like hospitals where they would become very noisy or resistant.Last but not least， when under great pressure some parents whose children are chronically sick or with life-threatening illness would keep asking about their kids’ illness， while some others get critical or easily annoyed.■Therefore， in treating sick children，our senses of love，care，patience and responsibility are highly required.More friendly smiles，touches，praises and encouragement are greatly desirable.Only when these requirements are well understood can，the mental pressure suffered by sick children and their parents be greatly relieved，a healthy doctor-patient relationship be developed and high-quality care produces the best results.

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