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2026年全國醫(yī)學英語水平考試(METS二級)經(jīng)典試題及答案一
1). Death■People in the past did not question the difference between life and death.They could see that a person died when his heart stopped beating.People have learned,however,that the body does not die immediately when the heart stops beating.They discovered that we remain alive as long as our brain remains active.Today the difference between life and death is not as easy to see as in the past.Modern medical devices can keep the heart beat-ing and the lungs breathing long after the brain stops.But is this life?■This question has caused much debate among citizens in the United States.Many of them want a law that says a person is dead when the brain dies.A person should be con-sidered dead when brain waves stop even if machines can keep the body alive.Such a law would permit doctors to speed removal of healthy organs for transplant operations.■The brain is made of thousands of millions of nerve cells.These cells send and receive millions of chemical and electrical messages every day.In this way the brain controls the other body activities.Nerve cell experts say that usually it is easy to tell when the brain has died.They put small electrodes (電極) on a person′s skull to measure the electrical signals that pass in and out of the brain.These brain waves are recorded on a television screen or on paper.The waves move up and down every time the brain receives messages from the nerve cells.The brain is dead when the waves stop moving.■Although there are people who oppose the idea of a law on brain block for various rea-sons,the idea of brain wave activity as a test of death is slowly being accepted.The brain controls the other body activities through( )
A.medical devices
B.small electrodes
C.the nerve cells
正確答案:C
2). Breast Cancer Treatment■More than one million new cases of breast cancer are( )…………every year around the world.But survival rates have( )…………in recent years in the United States, Britain and some other countries.A new report says drug treatments have played a( )…………part.■The emotional impact of cancer diagnosis, symptoms, treatment, and related issues can be severe, so it takes cultural understanding to treat breast cancer.Treatment of breast cancer depends on a woman’s age and health as well as the type, extent and location of the tumor, and if the cancer has( )…………in the breast or has spread to other parts of the body.Treatment may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy,hormone therapy or a combination of treatments.They note that further improvements in long -term survival could result from newer drugs, or from better use of older one.■When breast cancer is found early, before it has( )…………doctors can operate To( )…………any disease they find.But some cells may( )…………that can become cancerous later in life.So( )…………treatments aim to prevent breast cancer from coming back.■In some cases, the new study found that drugs could( )………… by half the risk of death from breast cancer within fifteen years.That is, from the time the cancer is found.This effect was shown in middle-aged women with the most common breast cancer.They began with six months of a( )…………of chemotherapy drugs.Then came five years of the drug tamoxifen (它莫西芬).Tamoxifen helps block the effects of estrogen(雌性激素).Estrogen is the hormone linked to the most common kind of breast cancer.( )
A.increased
B.remove
C.spread
D.reported
E.reduce
F.remain
G.additional
H.monitoring
I.observe
J.major
A.combination
A.remained
正確答案:A
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